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All I can think of is that Babylon was a big metropolis capital of a powerful empire. I think, mythologically, it was prideful so God destroyed it. You'd have to ask a Christian or other folklorist.
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*ahem*
I am neither Christian, nor a folklorist, but I know you're thinking of Jericho. Except he didn't destroy it because Jonah warned them of their impending doom and they repented of their sins. Maybe you're thinking of Soddom & Gomorrah, but they weren't big metropolis capitals.
The empire itself was known as Babylon. As Havoc rightly points out, the name comes from the Hebrew 'Babel'. The tower therein was no destroyed by God directly; the story goes that all the peoples of the world united to build the tower to challenge God's power, so he created the concept of differing languages and the sheer confusion that resulted caused the project to fail.