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Well if I lost an eye, that would affect my ability to do many things I either enjoy or have to do. Even more so if I lived in 1500BC. So I would like to be compensated for that. Now, an eye is only an example. The same principle holds for any other injury you may do to someone.
Either way, you're right that that statement doesn't take into account whether the injury was accidental or not. And, once again, I must point out that is has been taken out of context. For more information, read the Talmud. The 60-odd volumes of discussion and commentary should impress upon you that little in the bible can be taken at face value.
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Well, on second thought I was taking the ideas of morality in the saying a little extreme. On second glance I can see the betterness in compensating for the loss of an eye through materials rather than giving up an eye of yours yourself. I think if it were accidental than it is up to the injured to decide whether there should be payment or not. I don't know why, it just feels right.