From what I've read it's pretty different to 3, it seems to take quite a few things from CoD and other casual FPS games in that it uses custom loadouts and the like.
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Halo 4 has a new loadout system called Specializations. Rather than everyone rolling out with the same weapons online, players bring customized gear into battle. Everyone packs a primary and secondary weapon, armor abilities (including Active Camouflage, Jetpack, and Hologram) and a grenade type.
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Found here.
Although it's apparently very well balanced, it's also
glitchy as fuck.